A Black Death And A Vibrant Rebirth What Is Their...

A Black Death and a Vibrant Rebirth: What is Their Relationship? In 1347, an epidemic termed the â€Å"Black Death† disturbed Europe in the Fourteenth Century. Triggered by the bacteria â€Å"Yersinia Pestis,† the illness reached humankind from mosquitos feeding off of rodents. Symptoms included apple-sized growths on the neck, groin, and armpit, black blotches, and bleeding underneath the skin. The plague was fatal, killing an estimated one third of the population in Europe. Consequently, the Black Death led to a host of reactions, meaning events and occurrences that sprung from the plague. To name a few, feudalism’s structure crumbled, education developed rapidly, the Church’s influence weakened, public health expanded, and economic advances†¦show more content†¦In the the old French epic The Battle at Roncesvalles, pagans are declared France’s enemy: â€Å"Felon pagans to th pass shall not come down; I pledge you now, to death they all are bound† (Charles). As referenced in the poem, death to the pagans most likely suggests that paganism was considered repulsive in the Medieval times, as the belief conflicted with Christian doctrine. Due to Christianity’s importance, the Church consequently held significant power during the Medieval times. In a decree titled the â€Å"Unam Sanctam,† Pope Boniface VIII wrote, â€Å"URGED BY FAITH, we are obliged to believe and to maintain that the Church is one, holy, catholic, and also apostolic. We believe in her firmly and we confess with simplicity that outside of her there is neither salvation nor the remission of sins† (Dennis). In other words, the Pope established that all answers to Christianity exist solely in the Church, including on the basis of salvation and the forgiveness of sins. Further on in the â€Å"Unam Sanctum,† he proclaimed his part in the equation: â€Å"Furthermore, we declare, we proclaim, we define that it is absolutely necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman Pontiff† (Dennis). In this instance, the Pope arguably assumes the role of God on earth, defining that he is absolutely necessary for salvation, not solely Jesus Christ. His assertion provides further evidence for theShow MoreRelatedHow The Middle Ages Influenced the Renaissance.1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe High Middle Ages (1001-1300) In the Middle Ages, art was centered around the Church. The purpose of art was to glorify the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ (Altshuler, 2009, p. 127). Art was not made to produce a feeling it was made simply to tell a story. Artists were usually sanctioned by the church to complete specific works. All artists were male with the exception of some women who did embroideries (Altshuler, 2009, p. 127). Many different types of media was used during thisRead MoreCharacterization And Guru Dutt s Influence On Cinema And Society2170 Words   |  9 Pagesobscured by his social stature and lack of wealth. The movie kicks off with the camera panning a supposedly colourful (as the film is black and white) garden where Vijay is seen restlessly lying and romanticising nature in a ‘Wordsworthian’ type of setting. But Guru Dutt adds a unique touch of individual insignificance and sorrow to the exuberance of nature. â€Å"What little have I to add to this splendour, save a few tears, a few sighs.† This worthlessness of individual existence lingers in the wholeRead MoreEssay on Use of Environment, Landscape, and Cycles in My Antonia3310 Words   |  14 Pagesbeginning of the novel, in the conversation between Jim and Cathers persona, Jim says, we were talking about what is was like to spend ones childhood in the little towns like these...under stimulating extremes of climate; burning summers when the world lies green and billowy beneath the brilliant sky (1). These lines seem to connect the heat to child-like vitality, which colors life in vibrant hues of happiness. The warmth provides a laziness and means of fun, in which the enjoyment of the land andRead More Art, Literature And Society From 1955-1970 Essay examples5829 Words   |  24 PagesThe unfortunate side of authenticity often lead to the conclusion that autonomy was an impossible dream and that just mere existence required an individual to compromise his integrity. The post-war generation developed an interesting l ove-hate relationship with the mass culture of it’s time. Some, like Andy Warhol, embraced the inevitability of mass culturalization in order to control the beast (yes, this is a reference to Revelations). While others recognized the American Dream as being a hypocrisyRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesMeyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman:Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pageseconomic, social, and political churning, how will these driving factors be influenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any particular national passport? What will be the effect of the rapid gyrations in markets that emphasize the difficulties that accounting practices face in determining true performance costs and that forecasting programs confront in establishing the economic determinants of corporate

Legal Expert Paper Affirmative Action - 1800 Words

Legal Expert Paper: Affirmative Action Ashley Dantzler Daniel Harris DaWayne Nettles Tiffany R. Pickard Columbia College Affirmative action is an outcome of the 1960 s Civil Rights Movement, intended to provide equal opportunities for members of minority groups and women in education and employment. In March1961, President Kennedy was the first to use the term affirmative action in an Executive Order that directed government contractors to take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed and those employees are treated equally during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin. The Executive Order also established the President’s Committee on Equal Employment†¦show more content†¦They are not meant to guarantee equal results -- but instead proceed on the common-sense notion that if equality of opportunity were a reality, African Americans, women, people with disabilities and other groups facing discrimination would be fairly represented in the nation s work force and educational institutions. With affirmative action in position, policies are needed for guidance and fairness. Affirmative action policies initially focused on improving opportunities for African Americans in employment and education. However, eight states currently ban race-based affirmative action at all public universities. California, Washington, Michigan, Nebraska, Arizona, and Oklahoma all passed bans through voter referenda. Affirmative action policies that were previously successful in improving representation of blacks and other disadvantaged students are now either dismantled or greatly restricted. Ironically, African Americans who were at the forefront of the successful struggle to open America s colleges and universities to more diverse participation now face exclusion from California s and the nation s most prestigious institutions. Hispanic and African Americans enrollment at the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of California, Los Angeles dropped sharply after voters approved a statewide ban on affirmative action. Those numbers have not recovered, even as t he state’s Hispanic population has grown. Affirmative action refers to

Knowing Pseudoscience Free Essays

Pseudoscience is some form of knowledge, belief or research that claims (or appears) to be scientific, but is not actually following a scientific method.   Peer review and independent research by others may fail to prove the claims.   Superficially, such claims may appear scientific to people. We will write a custom essay sample on Knowing Pseudoscience or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some of the techniques mentioned in the article that are used by the website to sell their products include:- 1. The research findings or market findings provided by the pseudo-scientists appears to be unprofessional and sloppy.   They may often quote newspaper reports, media coverage, people’s gossip, ancient books, and other pseudoscience books. 2. Pseudoscientists provide facts that emotionally appeal to the audience and provide spectacular results to problems experienced by them.   They may even provide facts to support these results. 3. Pseudoscientists often make people indulge in an irrational form of thinking known as ‘magical thinking’ which is an age-old human habit.   Scientific investigations conducted to prove such facts may be unsuccessful. 4.   Pseudoscientists provide evidence that is different from those provided by systematic studies.   Often a lot of importance is given to unverifiable testimony from people and eyewitnesses, stories, real-life experiences, rumors, gossips, anecdotes, etc.   Studies conducted by professionals are ignored, misinterpreted or even proven wrong. 5. The pseudo scientists do not give reference to previous systematic studies and investigations conducted.   The only give false facts directly, which often cannot be proven right.   They may not allow their claims to be put to a more meaningful test, but may instead suggest some unscientific crazy experiments. The website claims that the tapes can make the individual achieve ‘anything and almost everything’ and ‘As you grow, a series of events occur which build your personality†¦.and your whole self†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã‚   The article says that pseudoscientist often make extraordinary claims that may be not scientifically true.   Repeated scientific experiments conducted independently by others fail to prove such clams. They also try to influence the individual by encouraging him/her into magical thinking (belief that one’s thoughts, words or action will create results that will defy the laws of nature).   Magical thinking is an old human habit, and often unknowingly we tend to indulge in it.   Pseudoscience may begin by providing facts that emotionally apply to the audience, and provide spectacular results to people’s problems.   They may even provide evidence to support their results. The Websites claims appreciation from renowned organizations and references such as the Russian Government, CNN, Boston University, etc.   The Russian Government may not be able to monitor implementation of ‘Subliminal messages’, as Private TV channels are free to broadcast what they want.   The website gives a positive comment by CNN. However, it did not give the exact person or the date on which these observations and comments were made.   The article says that pseudo-scientists often quote newspaper articles, press reports, collect rumors and gossips, and may even quote other books or organizations that are false or even non-existent.   The research done by the pseudo-scientists usually appears to be unprofessional and careless. The website gives testimony’s of several ‘satisfied customers’ (as claimed by the company) such as George Montgomery, Philadelphia; Joe Martin, Tampa, Florida; Carole Dallas, Portland; Paul Smiley, Richmond; Sherry Fusco, Bois; etc.   Often pseudo-scientists do not give importance to systematic studies provided by professionals and instead give undue importance to the views and testimony’s from unverifiable customers.   They may not permit their products to be subjected to true scientific studies. The website also offers a one-year guarantee for their products.   The Website has not quoted any proven studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of their products.   Guarantee may be a method of compensating for this (to attract the customers into buying their products). References: Coker, R. (2001). Distinguishing Science and Pseudoscience. Retrieved December 17, 2006, from Quack Watch Web site: http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/pseudo.html Subliminal Self-Improvement.com. (2006). Home. Retrieved December 17, 2006, from Subliminal Self-Improvement Web site: http://www.subliminal-tapes-self-improvement.com/index.html       How to cite Knowing Pseudoscience, Essay examples

Midterm Essay Questions free essay sample

You are required to answer at least three of the questions listed below. Indicate which questions you are answering. Review the guidelines below for full details. Each essay response should be approximately 500-750 words. Include your full name, course number, and date in the upper right of your document file before uploading it. Name your document with your first initial, last name, and submit it to the 3. 1 Discussion Board forum by Thursday, March 29 at 11:59pm. Choose only 2 peer Midterms to read and discuss by Sunday, April 1 at 11:59pm. Utilize one literary text from each of the follow lists in order to address the essay questions #1-#3. Utilize your choice of texts as needed to address essay question #4: Choice 1: (a) Othello Choice 2: (a) The Epic of Gilgamesh (b) Old Testament: Genesis (c) Medea Choice 3: (a) The Canterbury Tales (b) Metamorphose 1. Consider the concept of â€Å"wild person† in context with Enkidu in the â€Å"Epic of Gilgamesh†. We will write a custom essay sample on Midterm Essay Questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now think about the concept of â€Å"foreigner† or â€Å"outsider† as they are relate to characters in Medea and Othello. For this essay question you will define the term â€Å"barbarian† in context with those readings, connect it to a theme or idea, and write about its significance/meaning in the works. Be sure to identify the works you are covering. 2. Discuss the use of supernatural powers and how these powers reinforce or challenge ideas, themes, etc, with respect to gender. Be sure to identify the works you are covering. 3. Compare and contrast the driving force of plot in the three works you have selected. Be sure to differentiate between the works in your response. 4. In Modules Two and Three you utilized your blogs to reflect on the discussions, readings, and other activities. Identify one concept from the literature that resonated with an aspect of your own life and why. This may be a concept you blogged about previously or one that occurs to you now as a result of prior reflection in your blog. In this essay you will dig deeper and further expand on this concept. First identify the concept’s thematic significance (such as the hero, or the role of women, or ethical values, or views of nature for example).

Book Report Fun Is Good How to Create Joy and Passion in Your Workplace and Career

Fun Is Good: How to Create Joy and Passion in Your Workplace and Career by Mike Veeck and Pete Williams is a book under consideration. The main theme of the book is a presentation of the formula of success. According to the authors’ opinion the business is successful only in case when the employees have fun while working.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Book Report: Fun Is Good: How to Create Joy and Passion in Your Workplace and Career specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mike Veeck writes, â€Å"Make work fun and you will create a culture of creativity where the best people will want to work and customers will want to spend their money† (Veeck and Williams n. pag.). The main idea of the book is to give people an opportunity to reexamine the business they run and make it work better. The book consists of three parts each of which covers four chapters. Thus, there are 12 chapters in the book with the ac knowledgement, the introduction, the conclusion (afterword), the index and the section which contains some information about the authors. Each chapter contains a story which helps understand that to be successful the work should give pleasure. The title of the book speaks for itself. The book provides the reader with the information how laugh may be a key to success, why customers may bear looses because the employees of the company they work with do not have fun, how people who enjoy their work may influence others, and how HR managers should hire people. The authors of the book say that passion is the main feeling that inspires people for work. It is passion that drives people to be â€Å"creative, productive, and efficient at work† (Veeck and Williams 4). The same idea offers Dennis Bakke, who writes, â€Å"A passion is to make work exciting, rewarding, stimulating and enjoyable† (Bakke 13). At the same time, Veeck and Williams state that passion is not the only req uirement for success in business. Reading a book, it becomes understandable that to have a successful career, a worker should have fun, be creative and passionate. Fun helps relieve stress. Some authors offer darts as one of the ways for this (Fry and Fischer 19). The book is special in a number of reasons. First of all, it offers an innovative way for running business. Some employers adhere to an opinion that the guarantee of the successful business is strict discipline, research, and planning. But even they agree that the work should â€Å"bring pleasure and pride† (Pinson and Jinnett 2).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, to have fun while work is the first important feature that makes book specific. The second reason that makes this book special is the way how the authors deliver their ideas. Small stories are offered as the examples which are analyzed in the b ook. When the story is read and the results are seen it is impossible to reject that the method is effective. The book is a great opportunity for those who want to look at business from different perspectives. But, this method is helpful only when the sphere of services is considered. It is impossible to use this method when manufacturing and other working spheres are meant if high concentration and attention are necessary. Still, this book should be read by those who are planning to start their personal business. There are so many different ideas on work organization and employees treatment. These ideas may be really helpful for those who want to be successful, and there is hardly a person who does not want to be prosperous. Works Cited Bakke, Dennis. Joy AT Work: a Revolutionary Approach to Fun on the Job. New York: PVG, 2005. Print. Fry, Ann, and Terrill Fischer. Make Work Fun: 139 Ways to Lighten Up Your Workplace. Bethesda: Krug Industries, 2003. Print. Pinson, Linda, and Jerry Jinnett. Steps to Small Business Start-Up: Everything You Need to Know to Turn Your Idea into a Successful Business. Berkshire: Kaplan Publishing, 2006. Print. Veeck, Mike, and Pete Williams. Fun Is Good: How to Create Joy and Passion in Your Workplace and Career. New York: Rodale, 2005. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Book Report: Fun Is Good: How to Create Joy and Passion in Your Workplace and Career specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Book Report: Fun Is Good: How to Create Joy and Passion in Your Workplace and Career was written and submitted by user Nia Talley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Soap Industry Essays

Soap Industry Essays Soap Industry Essay Soap Industry Essay Target Market: LUX is not a highly expensive but an affordable product. That is why the company targets urban and sub urban upper middle and middle class people who are the second highest population of segment of the country. From the segmentation of customer according to SEC they target category A, B and C, because they are assumed to be financially well-off and can afford to buy LUX. Product Positioning: Unilever Bangladesh Ltd obtained a good position in the buyers‘ mind through better product attributes, price and quality, offering the product in a different way than the competitors do. The company offers improved quality of products in the industry at an affordable price with high branding, which ultimately helps to position the product in the buyers‘ mind as the best quality beauty soap. The market share of the company in the beauty soap industry is somewhere around 43%. Since in the beauty soap industry all products are of same price Unilever cannot provide its consumers with better price but it is in a great position in reference with its packaging, fragrances and product designing. The Market for LUX For better comprehension of Unilever Pakistan, its marketing strategy, product quality, positioning and placement, we present here a comparative analysis of its competitors. This part of the project illustrates the market share of different companies in the beauty soap industry. Market Share: The beauty soap industry in Pakistan consists of only seven major producers. Unilever Pakistan Ltd is operating in the industry with its world famous brand LUX. Out of these giant companies Unilever Pakistan Ltd is the market leader with a share of around 43%. Other companies in the industry are not as big as Unilever Pakistan Ltd but they are posing threat to the company by a tendency of a gradual increase in their market share. Kohinoor Chemicals which is operating with the brand name Tibet is an extremely famous brand to the rural segment of the population and possess a significant share in that segment which is the largest population group in Pakistan. Moreover Keya Cosmetics Ltd operating with the brand name Keya and Marks amp; Allys Ltd operating with the brand name Aromatic are also uprising brands to both the rural and sub urban segment of the population. Change in communication strategy However, the communication was slowly seen to be losing relevance, as consumers were beginning to question if the film star actually used the brand. In addition to this, several competitive beauty soap brands had begun advertising using similar methods of communication. In this context, the global brand team for Lux developed a new communication strategy. This strategy– bring out the star in you– for the first time moved the brand away from the long-running film star route. The film star still features in the new communication but not as her gorgeous self but rather as an alter ego/projection of the protagonist (a regular girl), for a few seconds of the entire ad. Thus, for the first time the film star was used as a communication device and not as the main feature of the ad. The move away from the film star and her fantasy world to a regular Lux user, with the focus on the protagonist‘s star quality, is a change from the norms set by Lux advertising in the past. With the new communication strategy, the film star is used purely as a communication device to portray star quality in every Lux user. This can be significantly seen in the latest TV commercial of Lux Crystal Shine where Priyanka Chopra is portrayed as a normal woman. This idea– bring out the star in you – puts the consumer at the heart of the brands‘ promise. This promise goes beyond the functional deliverables of soap, beyond bathing and the bathroom to the Lifebuoy: Lifebuoy is introduced in 1895 and it is owned by uniliver company . It has 18% market share in the bathing category. It was around 2002 that the product moved from being a hard soap to a mild soap that delivered a significantly superior bathing experience. The new soap had a refreshing fragrance and its overall positioning changed, painting its promise of health in softer, more versatile and responsible color - for the entire family. The packaging was also changed: The rugged looking packs were soon replaced with a softer pinkish cover. This was followed by a series of ads highlighting the soap’s germ -fighting benefits. Lifebuoy had become a family soap with hygiene as its core promise. Right from th : Resonance: ? Customer feels proud by using LUX ? They feel it is special for us ? They really love and want LUX ? They purchase the brand whenever they go to store ? They really like to use LUX 17. 2: Judgment: Customer judgment regarding brand are as an under Quality is good ? Packaging is attractive ? Features are outstanding ? Decent and attractive of LUX 17. 3: Feelings: ? Customer gets excited while using LUX ? They feel warmth feelings ? They feel freshness ? They feel they are more beautiful : Performance: ? It smoothen our skin ? It fairs face completion 7. 5: Imagery: ? Customer continuously using LUX whenever goes to store ? Brand personality of LUX is very attractive ? Customer experience is good with LUX ? Customer loves that people really who use LUX ? Retail store are the best places to buy LUX docstoc. com/docs/33727818/brand-audit-of-LUX-by-the-university-of-faisalabad-students-sargodha-road Around the time this data was collected, there was a feeling that the attribute of hygiene and â€Å"protection from germs† for the whole family may now be more important than cosmetic attributes of soap (e. . fragrance, beauty, affect on skin, etc. ). Some related marketing events are listed in Table 1. Table 1: Toilet Soap Marketing Events in 2002 Date Event Feb 2002 Launch of Dettol Extra as a moisturizing, anti? bacterial soap for hygienically clean skin Mar 2002 Launch of Lux Skin Renewing with Vitamin E; Promotional message: â€Å"Which comes first – health or beauty? The answer is both† April 2002 Re? Launch of Lifebuoy with new packaging, fragrance and color, and a renewed focus on hygiene and â€Å"protection from germs† for the whole family May 2002 Re? Launch of Safeguard with new packaging and colors June 2002 TV campaign with Safeguard positioned against pimples July 2002 Dettol Extra permanent price reduction of Rs. 1/? Sept 2002 Safeguard promotional campaign as a family need providing 24 hour protection Sept 2002 Launch of Capri Sensitive for skin care Sept 2002 Launch of Lifebuoy in a small pack (for Rs. 7/? ) Also, it was not unusual that more than one brand was being used at any time in a household. We are therefore interested in which factors determine what combination of brands are used. Further, we want to understand all of this after taking into account any seasonal effects.

Compare and contrast the ideas about human nature in two theorists Essay

Compare and contrast the ideas about human nature in two theorists Hobbes and Locke - Essay Example Hobbes did not share the recognized assumption that man was a social animal by his nature claiming that society could not exist without the power of the state and proper government. Instead, he argued that motivation and particularly self-interest was the central factor that affected behaviour of human beings (Leviathan I 13). Although Hobbes developed a sophisticated system of such motives that included courage, honor, pity, compassion, and other, he strongly believed that self-interest played the key role while the other motives should be treated as supplementary or secondary. Premising from these assumptions, Hobbes developed his famous justification of morality based on self-interested actions (Leviathan I 6). Modern form of this theory, known as 'ethical egoism', postulates that a self-interested action should be regarded as a standard of good (Rachels, 2008). John Locke who had the religious sentiment Hobbes apparently lacked proceeded from the assumption of God's creation of man and, therefore, believed in the natural freedom of human being that included the right to pursue life, health, and property. Also Locke argued that human beings are social animal by nature and societies emerged as a result of the rational efforts of humans taken to protect themselves from adversities of living in the 'state of nature' (Locke, 1990). In other words, Locke believed that humans their natural state mostly kept their promises and obligations, while Hobbes denied any organization in the 'natural' society of men claiming that fear and self-interest were the primary motivators of human behavior. The dissimilarity of human nature views advocated by the two thinkers can further be illustrated by their treatment of political authority and modern nation-state. Legitimacy of authority is one of the fundamental questions in political philosophy. There are multiple issues and controversies involved in this major problem including the meaning of political authority, the distinction between political authority and political power, moral and legal aspects of political authority, and many others. Majority of contemporary political theorists consider that the state has authority in the descriptive sense. This means that the state maintains public order via creating rules and issuing commands that subjects generally obey due to the dominant belief that the state has authority to do so (Hart 1961). Locke and Hobbes explain the origins of such belief in entirely different ways. According to Thomas Hobbes, in prehistoric uncivilized times before any sort of government emerged, there was constant war with "every man, against every man" (Hobbes, 1668, p.12). Consequently, Hobbesian justification of authority logically followed from the total brutality of human beings in their natural state characterized by intolerance: submission to authority was the only way to eliminate the brutality and intolerance of the State of Nature (Hobbes, 1668). By contrast, John Locke believed that the original state of man was not as hostile as Hobbes thought. In Locke's opinion happiness, reason and tolerance were the core characteristics of the natural man, and all humans, in their original state, were equal and absolutely free to pursue things, considered as indisputable rights, namely "life, health, liberty and possessions"